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Now that we have a working view as explained in the previous chapters. We want to access that view via a URL. Django has his own way for URL mapping and it's done by editing your project url.py file (myproject/url.py). The url.py file looks like − from django...

Django makes it possible to separate python and HTML, the python goes in views and HTML goes in templates. To link the two, Django relies on the render function and the Django Template language. The Render Function This function takes three parameters − ...

A model is a class that represents table or collection in our DB, and where every attribute of the class is a field of the table or collection. Models are defined in the app/models.py (in our example: myapp/models.py) Creating a Model Following is a Dreamrea...

Page redirection is needed for many reasons in web application. You might want to redirect a user to another page when a specific action occurs, or basically in case of error. For example, when a user logs in to your website, he is often redirected either to t...

Django comes with a ready and easy-to-use light engine to send e-mail. Similar to Python you just need an import of smtplib. In Django you just need to import django.core.mail. To start sending e-mail, edit your project settings.py file and set the following o...

In some cases, writing views, as we have seen earlier is really heavy. Imagine you need a static page or a listing page. Django offers an easy way to set those simple views that is called generic views. Unlike classic views, generic views are classes not func...

Creating forms in Django, is really similar to creating a model. Here again, we just need to inherit from Django class and the class attributes will be the form fields. Let's add a forms.py file in myapp folder to contain our app forms. We will create a login ...

It is generally useful for a web app to be able to upload files (profile picture, songs, pdf, words.....). Let's discuss how to upload files in this chapter. Uploading an Image Before starting to play with an image, make sure you have the Python Image Librar...

So far, in our examples, we have used the Django dev web server. But this server is just for testing and is not fit for production environment. Once in production, you need a real server like Apache, Nginx, etc. Let's discuss Apache in this chapter. Serving D...

Sometimes you might want to store some data on a per-site-visitor basis as per the requirements of your web application. Always keep in mind, that cookies are saved on the client side and depending on your client browser security level, setting cookies can at ...

As discussed earlier, we can use client side cookies to store a lot of useful data for the web app. We have seen before that we can use client side cookies to store various data useful for our web app. This leads to lot of security holes depending on the impor...

To cache something is to save the result of an expensive calculation, so that you don’t perform it the next time you need it. Following is a pseudo code that explains how caching works − given a URL, try finding that page in the cache if the page is in the...

Before starting, note that the Django Comments framework is deprecated, since the 1.5 version. Now you can use external feature for doing so, but if you still want to use it, it's still included in version 1.6 and 1.7. Starting version 1.8 it's absent but you ...

Django comes with a syndication feed generating framework. With it you can create RSS or Atom feeds just by subclassing django.contrib.syndication.views.Feed class. Let's create a feed for the latest comments done on the app (Also see Django - Comments Framew...

Ajax essentially is a combination of technologies that are integrated together to reduce the number of page loads. We generally use Ajax to ease end-user experience. Using Ajax in Django can be done by directly using an Ajax library like JQuery or others. Let'...

What is Web Framework? Web Application Framework or simply Web Framework represents a collection of libraries and modules that enables a web application developer to write applications without having to bother about low-level details such as protocols, thread...

Prerequisite Python 2.6 or higher is usually required for installation of Flask. Although Flask and its dependencies work well with Python 3 (Python 3.3 onwards), many Flask extensions do not support it properly. Hence, it is recommended that Flask should be ...

In order to test Flask installation, type the following code in the editor as Hello.py from flask import Flask app = Flask(__name__) @app.route('/') def hello_world(): return 'Hello World’ if __name__ == '__main__': app.run() Importing flas...

Modern web frameworks use the routing technique to help a user remember application URLs. It is useful to access the desired page directly without having to navigate from the home page. The route() decorator in Flask is used to bind URL to a function. For exa...

It is possible to build a URL dynamically, by adding variable parts to the rule parameter. This variable part is marked as <variable-name>. It is passed as a keyword argument to the function with which the rule is associated. In the following example, the rul...