Flask – File Uploading

Handling file upload in Flask is very easy. It needs an HTML form with its enctype attribute set to ‘multipart/form-data’, posting the file to a URL. The URL handler fetches file from request.files[] object and saves it to the desired location.

Each uploaded file is first saved in a temporary location on the server, before it is actually saved to its ultimate location. Name of destination file can be hard-coded or can be obtained from filename property of request.files[file] object. However, it is recommended to obtain a secure version of it using the secure_filename() function.

It is possible to define the path of default upload folder and maximum size of uploaded file in configuration settings of Flask object.

app.config[‘UPLOAD_FOLDER’]

Defines path for upload folder

app.config[‘MAX_CONTENT_PATH’]

Specifies maximum size of file yo be uploaded – in bytes

The following code has ‘/upload’ URL rule that displays ‘upload.html’ from the templates folder, and ‘/upload-file’ URL rule that calls uploader() function handling upload process.

‘upload.html’ has a file chooser button and a submit button.

<html>

 <body>

 <form action = "http://localhost:5000/uploader" method = "POST" 

 enctype = "multipart/form-data">

 <input type = "file" name = "file" />

 <input type = "submit"/>

 </form>

 </body>

</html>

You will see the screen as shown below.

Click Submit after choosing file. Form’s post method invokes ‘/upload_file’ URL. The underlying function uploader() does the save operation.

Following is the Python code of Flask application.

from flask import Flask, render_template, request

from werkzeug import secure_filename

app = Flask(__name__)

@app.route('/upload')

def upload_file():

 return render_template('upload.html')

	

@app.route('/uploader', methods = ['GET', 'POST'])

def upload_file():

 if request.method == 'POST':

 f = request.files['file']

 f.save(secure_filename(f.filename))

 return 'file uploaded successfully'

		

if __name__ == '__main__':

 app.run(debug = True)